Kauko Salo

Metsänparannustoimenpiteiden vaikutus rämeiden sienisatoon

Salo K. Metsänparannustoimenpiteiden vaikutus rämeiden sienisatoon.

English title: The effect of forest amelioration on mushroom yield on pine bogs

Tiivistelmä

As a result of draining and fertilization, the numbers of a few mushroom species native to moist Sphagnum mosses have decreased while mycorrhizal mushrooms commonly found on mineral soil sites have become frequent. The material was collected in 1975—1976 from 38 experimental plots (comprising a total area of 1,16 ha) at the Alkkia experimental area of Parkano Forest Research Station (Salo 1979). The highest total mushroom yield, 528,3 kg/hectare (fresh weight, Table 1) on an average in 1975—1976, was obtained from the Sphagnum fuscum-Calluna plot treated with NPK fertilizer. High total yields were also obtained from plots fertilized with urea only. The mushroom yield was poorest in the virgin pine bog. Lactarius rufus was the most common mushroom species in this investigation. Its fruit bodies formed 86,8 % of the dry weight of the total mushroom yield. The fruit bodies of Paxillus involutus amounted to 8,3 % of the total mushroom yield. The largest amounts of mushrooms were found on plots fertilized in June 1975 with urea and NPK (Table 3). Other mycorrhizal species amounted to 3,5 % and the fruit bodies of saprophytic mushrooms to 1,4 %. Saprophytic mushrooms were common, for they formed 34,7 % of the fruit bodies collected. The total number of all collected fruit bodies was 27 205 in 1975—1976. During the growing seasons investigated the weather conditions differed greatly especially as regards the precipitation and the mean temperatures in September (Table 4). 1975 was a good mushroom year on peatlands. The production of fruit bodies on mineral soils was very poor in that year. 1976 was exceptional owing to the cold autumn and the dry spell in August. The growing season in 1976 was nearly one month shorter than that in 1975 with the result that the mushroom yield remained poor (Fig. 1.).

Vastaanotettu 31.10.2017 Julkaistu 1.1.1981

Katselukerrat 431

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