Hala Rifaat , Károly Márialigeti, Gábor Kovács

Investigation on rhizoplane actinomycete communities of cattail (Typha angustifolia) from a Hungarian wetland

Rifaat H., Márialigeti K., Kovács G. Investigation on rhizoplane actinomycete communities of cattail (Typha angustifolia) from a Hungarian wetland.

Abstract

Wetlands play a special role in diverting plant materials towards fossilisation. These habitats are sinks for the atmospheric carbon: mineralisation of organic materials is inhibited by specific effects of the local N and S cycles, anaerobiosis, low pH, etc. It is not surprising therefore that microbial activity was detected to be highest in the rhizosphere of wetland plants. Cattail (Typha angustifolia L.) withstands extremely low soil redox values. Cattail root samples were collected in a floating mat at the Soroksár Arm of the River Danube. The root-tip regions were used for bacteriological studies. Using the plate-count technique an average of 3.3*104 CFU/g actinomycete rhizoplane count was detected. All actinomycete colonies were isolated, purified, and strains subjected to differential diagnostic analysis (phenotypical and chemotaxonomical tests). The dominant rhizoplane actinomycetes were: Streptomyces anulatus, and Str. albidoflavus, Micromonospora chalcea and M. carbonacea, Micrococcus luteus, Brevibacterium sp. and Gordona sp. Streptomycetes were characteristic for autumn sample, whereas the other actinomycetes dominated the rhizoplane microbiota early in the vegetation period. The ecological tolerance abilities of the members of dominant groups indicate that these bacteria might be active in the rhizosphere and can be present there in their vegetative forms.

Keywords
wetland; actinomycete; cattail; Hungary; rhizoplane; streptomycetes

Received 31 October 2017 Published 1 January 2000

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