Artikkelit jotka sisältää sanan 'pollen analysis'
Early 20th century Russian peat scientists as possible vectors for the establishment of Calluna vulgaris in Georgian Sphagnum bogs.
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In the summer of 2000, a stand of Calluna vulgaris (L.) Hull was found in the Ispani 2 bog near Kobuleti, being the first known occurrence of this species in Georgia (Transcaucasia). Pollen analysis of a peat core from the Calluna vulgaris stand shows that the species established itself there around 1920/1930. Dispersal by migrating birds, deliberate introduction as a garden plant, and unintentional introduction with cultural products are shown to have been improbable vectors for introduction far from the species’ main distribution area. It is concluded that Calluna vulgaris may have been accidentally introduced by Russian peat scientists and prospectors that were active in the area around the time of establishment.
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Kaffke,
Botanical Institute, Grimmer Straße 88 D-17487 Greifswald, Germany
Sähköposti:
ei.tietoa@nn.oo
- Matchutadze, Sähköposti: ei.tietoa@nn.oo
- Couwenberg, Sähköposti: ei.tietoa@nn.oo
- Joosten, Sähköposti: ei.tietoa@nn.oo
Turvestratigrafisen tutkimuksen historiasta ja kvartaaritieteellisestä merkityksestä Pohjoismaissa.
English title: On the history and Quaternary scientific significance of peat stratigraphical research in the Nordic countries.
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The early development of peat stratigraphical research was concentrated in the Nordic countries. Although this field of science originated in Denmark at the beginning of the 19th century, the most important pioneer of palaeoecological peatland research was the Norwegian, Axel Blytt. His model, as modified by the Swedish scientist Rutger Sernander, spread throughout Europe and from there to other continents and has had a major impact on peat stratigraphy and Quaternary science. However, our present knowledge of the regional differences in postglacial vegetation and climate history speaks against the use of the Blytt-Sernander scheme outside southern Scandinavia. Especially, the compulsive application of the Blytt-Sernander scheme in the zoning of pollen diagrams has lead to distortions and erroneous interpretations.
Keywords: Nordic countries, peat stratigraphy, postglacial climate history, pollen analysis
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Seppä,
Department of Geography, Laboratory of Physical Geography, P.O. Box 9, FIN-00014 University of Helsinki, Finland
Sähköposti:
ei.tietoa@nn.oo
Turvetutkimus Suomen asutushistorian selvittämisessä.
English title: Settlement history of Finland traced by means of microfossil analyses of peat deposits.
Avainsanat:
peatland;
archaeometry;
charcoal particles;
loss-on-ignition;
pollen analysis;
settlement history
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Information on early settlement history in SW Finland has increased considerably as a result of archaeometrical studies including pollen analysis, charcoal analysis and loss-on-ignition analysis of peat deposits, especially of Sphagnum peat. The results together with 14C-datings, show that the introduction of agriculture took place from the S-SW in the SW archipelago as early as 3600±90 BP (before present). This, however, does not explain the early pollen and charcoal dust evidence of cultivation in the Kainuu district where corresponding darings of 3680±90 BP have recently been obtained, or in Siilinjarvi where evidence of early cultivation around 3000 BP has also been recorded.
Keywords: archaeometry, charcoal particles, loss-on-ignition, peatland, pollen analysis, settlement history
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Vuorela,
The Geological Survey of Finland, Betonimiehenkuja 4, SF-02150 Espoo, Finland
Sähköposti:
ei.tietoa@nn.oo
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